Chen, Y.L., Pan, A.W*., Hsiung, P.C., Chung, L., Lai, J.S., Gau, S.S.F., & Chen, T.J. (2015). Life Adaptation Skills Training (LAST) for persons with depression: A randomized controlled study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 185, 108-114.
Abstract
Background: To investigate the efficacy of the “Life Adaptation Skills Training (LAST)” program for persons with depression.
Methods: Sixty-eight subjects
with depressive disorder were recruited from psychiatric outpatient clinics in Taipei city and were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (N=33),
or a control group (N=35). The intervention group received 24-sessions of the LAST
program, as well as phone contact mainly related to support for a total of 24 times. The
control group only received phone contact 24 times. The primary outcome measure utilized was the World Health Organization Quality of
Life-BREF-Taiwan version. Secondary outcome measures included the Occupational
self-assessment, the Mastery scale, the Social support questionnaire, the Beck
anxiety inventory, the Beck depression inventory-II, and the Beck scale for
suicide ideation. The mixed-effects linear model was
applied to analyze the incremental efficacy of the LAST
program, and the partial eta squared (ηp2) was used to examine
the within- and between- group effect size.
Results: The
subjects who participated in the LAST program showed significant incremental improvements
with moderate to large between-group
effect sizes on their level of anxiety (-5.45±2.34, p<0 .05="" span=""> ηp2=0.083) and level of suicidal ideation (-3.09±1.11, p<0 .01="" span=""> ηp2=0.157) when compared to the control group. The
reduction of suicidal ideations had a maintenance effect for three months after
the end of intervention (-3.44±1.09,
p<0 .01="" between-group="" moderate="" span="" with="">effect
sizes (ηp2=0.101). Both groups showed significant improvement on overall QOL, overall
health, physical QOL, psychological QOL, level of anxiety, and level of
depression. The within-group effect sizes achieved large effects in the
intervention group (ηp2=0.328~0.544),
and were larger than that of the control group.
Limitations: A small sample size in the study, a high dropout rate, lower compliance rates
for the intervention group, and lacking of true control group.
Conclusions: The occupation-based LAST program, which focuses on lifestyle rearrangement and coping skills enhancement, could significantly improve the level of
anxiety and suicidal ideations for persons with depression.
